
The 50% Tariff on Semi-Finished Copper Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 grants the President authority to impose tariffs on imports deemed essential to national defense. Using this authority, the current administration has imposed a 50% tariff on semi-finished copper products, including wire, tubes, sheets, and rods. This represents one of the…

The Dramatic Export Growth Narrative Ireland’s exports to the United States surged 52% in 2025, a growth rate that initially appears exceptional and warrants celebration. At first glance, the statistics suggest a thriving bilateral trade relationship and expansion of Irish export capacity. However, the underlying dynamics driving this export growth tell a more nuanced story…

Effective February 6, 2026 Federal Register 91 FR 21 (Jan. 2, 2026) U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) has issued an interim final rule that fundamentally reshapes how importers receive refunds. Beginning February 6, 2026, CBP will issue all refunds electronically, with only narrow hardship exceptions. This rule amends 19 CFR Parts 24, 141, 159,…

Author: Maria Pechurina, MA, Director of International Trade @ Peacock Tariff Consulting Earlier in 2025, on St. Patrick’s Day, US President Donald J. Trump lamented that Ireland, a “beautiful island of just 5 million people, has got the entire US pharmaceutical industry in its grasp.” In America’s pursuit of self-sufficiency, its overwhelming reliance on foreign…

The U.S.–China tariff conflict has evolved into one of the most consequential economic standoffs of the 21st century. Since President Trump’s return to office in January 2025, he has aggressively pursued a protectionist trade agenda, reviving and intensifying the tariff war that began during his first term. On April 2, he declared “Liberation Day,” imposing…
President Donald Trump has signed an executive order that doubles tariffs on steel and aluminum imports to 50%, a move aimed at protecting U.S. industries from what he calls unfair trade practices and global excess capacity. The new tariffs will take effect June 4, 2025, and are expected to have significant economic and geopolitical consequences.…
The U.S. automotive industry is undergoing significant transformation in 2025, with new tariffs impacting trade, pricing, and supply chains. Under the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, Section 232 tariffs have been expanded to include auto parts, aluminum, and steel, reshaping domestic manufacturing efforts and prompting responses from global trading partners. This report provides an exhaustive…