
Introduction: A Landmark Expansion of Refund Eligibility On March 27, 2026, Judge Richard Eaton issued what may prove to be one of the most significant rulings in the ongoing IEEPA tariff litigation. By expanding the refund order to include finally liquidated entries, the court has removed a procedural barrier that many importers and legal analysts…

The Timeline Paradox: When Delays Serve Strategic Purposes The United States administration’s request for a 90-day delay in IEEPA refund litigation represents a calculated strategy to postpone the administrative burden of processing refund claims. The Supreme Court retains the theoretical authority to conclude the case within 32 days from the current moment, but the government…

IEEPA Tariffs: The Foundation and What Importers Paid The International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) grants the President authority to impose tariffs and trade restrictions during periods of national emergency. In recent years, IEEPA has been invoked multiple times to implement tariffs on goods from various countries, affecting billions of dollars in imports and impacting…

Introduction: A Paradigm Shift in Trade Litigation The landscape of US trade policy litigation has undergone a dramatic transformation. What began as isolated challenges to tariff authority has evolved into a massive coordinated legal campaign involving over 1,800 companies seeking to recover billions in duties paid under now-invalid tariffs. This unprecedented wave of litigation represents…

Introduction: A Historic Refund Window Opens The U.S. Supreme Court’s landmark decision striking down the Trump administration’s IEEPA‑based tariffs has triggered one of the largest potential refund events in modern U.S. trade history. Billions of dollars in duties collected across thousands of importers were deemed unlawfully imposed, and the Court of International Trade has now…