
Introduction: A Fundamental Shift in Customs Valuation Recent guidance from Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has established a pivotal precedent in how customs authorities assess the value of imported goods within multi-entity business models. The latest B2B2C (Business-to-Business-to-Consumer) valuation ruling represents far more than a technical interpretation of trade regulations. It signals a definitive…

Belgium and Brazil Sign Generics-Focused Pharma Export Deal: A Strategic Win for Trade, Access, and Innovation In a landmark move that blends trade diplomacy with public health strategy, Belgium has signed a pharmaceutical export agreement with Brazil, targeting the generics sector a domain increasingly recognized as the backbone of affordable healthcare worldwide. The deal was…

Section 232 Tariff Update: What Exporters and Importers Must Know The U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s newly released guidance (CSMS #65340246) under the Trade Expansion Act Section 232 introduces a major shift: importers must now declare the country of origin for any aluminum or steel used in their products no matter how small or incidental.…