HTS Chapter 85 covers electrical machinery and equipment, telecommunications, semiconductors, recording media, consumer electronics. Classification depends on function (motor, generator, telecom, computer, consumer). Boundary with Chapter 84 (machinery), Chapter 90 (precision), and Chapter 95 (consumer goods) common.
This guide covers HTS Chapter 85 Electrical Equipment Classification. HTS classification is the legal foundation of import duty calculation.
For SMB importers, the practical implementation depends on volume, sector, and operational structure.
Chapter 85 structure
Headings 85.01-85.48. Motors and generators (8501), batteries (8506-7), telecom (8517), TVs and video (8528), semiconductors (8541-2), other electronics.
Section 301 List 3 and 4A coverage
Most Chapter 85 goods from China fall under Section 301. Lists 3 (industrial) and 4A (consumer) cover electronics broadly.
Section 232 semiconductor outlook
Section 232 semiconductor investigation is in flight. Could move some Chapter 85 goods into Section 232 stack.
Boundary with Chapter 84 and 90
Electrical machinery: 85 vs 84. Precision electronics: 85 vs 90. Consumer electronics: 85 vs 95.
Frequently asked questions
When does this apply?
For SMB importers with active duty exposure or those evaluating mitigation options.
What documentation is required?
Standard CBP forms plus topic-specific supporting records. We review documentation as part of typical engagements.
What is the timeline?
Simple cases 2-4 weeks; complex setups 8-16 weeks.
What does this cost?
Project work: $5,000-$25,000 depending on complexity. Ongoing retainer for active operations.
How do I begin?
Book a 15-minute scoping call. We confirm fit and scope before any engagement.
Get started
Get a paid classification opinion or binding ruling support. Fixed-fee per HTS code.