HTS Chapter 90 covers optical instruments, cameras, measuring and testing instruments, medical and surgical instruments. Boundary with Chapter 84 (machinery), Chapter 85 (electrical), and Chapter 91 (clocks) is common. Precision and measurement function distinguishes Chapter 90 from general machinery.
This guide covers HTS Chapter 90 Precision Instruments. HTS classification is the legal foundation of import duty calculation.
For SMB importers, the practical implementation depends on volume, sector, and operational structure.
Chapter 90 structure
Headings 9001-9033. Optical (9001-9006), measuring (9024-9031), medical/surgical (9018-9022), other precision instruments.
Boundary with Chapter 84-85
Equipment with primary measuring/testing function: 90. Equipment with primary processing/manufacturing function: 84. Equipment with primary electrical generation/transmission: 85.
Section 232 MedTech investigation
Section 232 MedTech probe could affect Chapter 90 medical and surgical instruments. Scope and rate pending.
HS classification considerations
Chapter 90 includes diagnostic equipment, optical sensors, calibration instruments, surgical tools – wide range with distinct subheadings.
Frequently asked questions
When does this apply?
For SMB importers with active duty exposure or those evaluating mitigation options.
What documentation is required?
Standard CBP forms plus topic-specific supporting records. We review documentation as part of typical engagements.
What is the timeline?
Simple cases 2-4 weeks; complex setups 8-16 weeks.
What does this cost?
Project work: $5,000-$25,000 depending on complexity. Ongoing retainer for active operations.
How do I begin?
Book a 15-minute scoping call. We confirm fit and scope before any engagement.
Get started
Get a paid classification opinion or binding ruling support. Fixed-fee per HTS code.